Grammar: Verb (Kata Kerja)

VERB

A verb is an action or express word. It indicates the action or express in the present, past and future tenses.

The Principal Parts of Verbs.

Verbs have four principal parts of verbs or fundamental forms that are used to create a tense.

Present	Past	Past Participle	Present Participle
abandon	abandoned	abandoned	abandoning
accept	accepted	accepted	accepting
go	went	gone	going
take	took	taken	taking
become	became	became	becoming

Types of Verbs

1.       Regular Verb

A regular verb forms we can add -d or -ed to the end of its base form. The regular verbs have a standard set of rules for forming their present participle and past forms. The present participle is formed by adding -ing to the end of its base form and the past is formed by adding -ed. If the base form verb ends with the letter -e, we can add only -d for past form verb and remove the -e then just add -ing for the present participle.

Present	Past	Past Participle	Present Participle
book	booked	booked	booking
erase	erased	erased	erasing
visit	visited	visited	visiting
infect	infected	infected	infecting

·         When a verb ends with a vowel followed by a consonant, the last consonant is doubled before adding -ing or –ed.

E.g. Bat (batted, Batting), Cancel (cancelled, cancelling), fit (fitted, fitting), stop (stopped, stopping)

·         But some verbs are omitted from the above rule.

E.g. allow (allowed, allowing), cook (cooked, cooking), Visit (visited, visiting)

·         When a verb ends with a consonant followed by y, the present participle is formed by adding -ing and the past form, drop the y, replace it with i, and add -ed.

E.g. apply (applied, applying), carry (carried, carrying), bully (bullied, bullying)

·         We add ‘d’ for past tense and past participle form of the base verb.

E.g. escape (escaped), collaborate (collaborating)

2.        Irregular Verb

Irregular verbs are verbs that don’t take on the regular –d, -ed, or -ied spelling patterns of the past simple (V2) or past participle (V3).

IRREGULAR VERBS WITH SIMILAR PRESENT, PAST AND PAST PARTICIPLE FORMS

Present Tense	Past Tense	Past Participle	Present Participle
broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	broadcasting
cost	cost	cost	costing
cut	cut	cut	cutting
hit	hit	hit	hitting
hurt	hurt	hurt	hurting
let	let	let	letting

IRREGULAR VERBS WITH SIMILAR PAST AND PAST PARTICIPLE FORMS

Present Tense	Past Tense	Past Participle	Present Participle
build	built	built	building
deal	dealt	dealt	dealing
say	said	said	saying
sell	sold	sold	selling
sit	sat	sat	sitting

IRREGULAR VERBS WITH THREE DISTINCT FORMS

Present Tense	Past Tense	Past Participle	Present Participle
choose	chose	chosen	choosing
do	did	done	saying
go	went	gone	going
give	gave	given	giving

3.       Auxiliary Verb or Helping Verb

Definition: Verb that relates subjects with their predicates to identify tense and also voice, person, number, or mood.

BE FORM VERBS : am – are – is – was - were

DO FORM VERBS: do – does - did

HAVE FORM VERBS: has, have, had

MODAL VERBS: will, would, shall, should, could, may, might, ought to

Irregular Verb Exercises

Fill the blank spaces with the appropriate irregular verb.

1. My dog jumped out of the swimming pool and _____________ himself, causing water to spray everywhere. (shake, shook, shaken)
2. You should have ______________ Trish’s face when she got her surprise. (saw, had seen, seen)
3. We _____________ the whole day lounging on the beach. (spend, spent, had spend)
4. Let’s _____________ a hike on Saturday. (take, took, taken)
5. My brother Mike ______________ his stinky socks on the coffee table. (leave, left, leaving)
6. This is the ninth time that pitcher has _____________ a foul ball (throw, threw, thrown)
7. The water balloon _____________ when it hit its target. (burst, busted, broken)
8. Jesse intentionally ______________ gum in Jeff’s hair. (stick, stuck, sticky)

Exercise : Subject and Verb Agreement Exercise

Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject.
1. Annie and her brothers (is, are) at school.
2. Either my mother or my father (is, are) coming to the meeting.
3. The dog or the cats (is, are) outside.
4. Either my shoes or your coat (is, are) always on the floor.
5. George and Tamara (doesn't, don't) want to see that movie.
6. Benito (doesn't, don't) know the answer.
7. One of my sisters (is, are) going on a trip to France.
8. The man with all the birds (live, lives) on my street.
9. The movie, including all the previews, (take, takes) about two hours to watch.
10. The players, as well as the captain, (want, wants) to win.
11. Either answer (is, are) acceptable.
12. Every one of those books (is, are) fiction.
13. Nobody (know, knows) the trouble I've seen.
14. (Is, Are) the news on at five or six?
15. Mathematics (is, are) John's favorite subject, while Civics (is, are) Andrea's favorite subject.
16. Eight dollars (is, are) the price of a movie these days.
17. (Is, Are) the tweezers in this drawer?
18. Your pants (is, are) at the cleaner's.
19. There (was, were) fifteen candies in that bag. Now there (is, are) only one left!
20. The committee (debates, debate) these questions carefully.
21. The committee (leads, lead) very different lives in private.
22. The Prime Minister, together with his wife, (greets, greet) the press cordially.
23. All of the CDs, even the scratched one, (is, are) in this case.


 Identify the verb(s) in the lyric as follows:

"I Want To Break Free"

I want to break free
I want to break free
I want to break free from your lies
You're so self satisfied I don't need you
I've got to break free
God knows, God knows I want to break free.

I've fallen in love
I've fallen in love for the first time

And this time I know it's for real
I've fallen in love, yeah
God knows, God knows I've fallen in love.

It's strange but it's true
I can't get over the way you love me like you do
But I have to be sure
When I walk out that door
Oh how I want to be free, baby
Oh how I want to be free,
Oh how I want to break free.

But life still goes on
I can't get used to, living without, living without,
Living without you by my side
I don't want to live alone, hey
God knows, got to make it on my own
So baby can't you see
I've got to break free.

I've got to break free
I want to break free, yeah
I want, I want, I want, I want to break free.

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